1.英汉语言差异

1）Lexical level  词汇层面

A 、 equivalent  语意对等的情况

 eg: the Pacific Ocean

      Helicopter

       fishi in troubled waters  浑水摸鱼

B 、 partly wquivalent  部分对等 

eg:       marriage  嫁/娶    sister  姐/妹

C、 no equivalent  in   China 没有对等(用解释性的词语来翻译)

eg:    beddo(一种多用途的）床

D、 polysemy多义词 

eg： super soft 软着陆 soft drug 软性毒品

 

2）句法层面

英语和汉语的句子结构不同:  英语重形合（Hypotaxis），汉语重意合（Parataxis）。

英语结构： 主语+谓语，通过从句，不定式短语，介词短语，独立主格等语法结构来扩展延伸句子。

（英译汉：注意英语中连接词的使用，根据汉语的特点省掉不必要的连接词；汉译英：注意汉语连接词的所在，添加英语连接词）仔细研究连接词的位置。

3

部分没书的可以先做一下，在听老师讲解。只有自己做了，才能发现问题所在哦。

 

unit 1

Translation Exercise 1.
1. They are prepared to take the initative ,even when there is a risk in doing so .
2. They do not care to be looked after by the government .
3.Americans have a warmth and friendliness which is less superficial than many foreigners think.
4.They have a wide knowledge of everyday things ,and a keen interest in their particular city and state.
5. Their skyscrapers,bridges and dams ofen have a splendor which matches in beauty and scale the country's natural wpnders.
6.In the USA,about 90% of the population is well enough off to expect a brighter future.The USA still has one of the highest standards of living in the world ,...
7..It is from this "underclass,"and those who take advertage of it ,that most of the violence aprings the violence which is one of the least pleasant aspects of American society.