1.The reason for making a decision is that problem exists, goals or objectives are wrong, or something is standing in the way of accomplishing them. 译：做出决策的原因是因为存在问题，目标或目的有错误，或者有某种东西防碍着它们的实现。
短语：make a decision:做出决策；stand in the way: 阻挡、防碍 courses of action 行动方针    in the way 碍事

2.Almost everything a manager does involves decisions,indeed,some suggest that the management

 process is decision making.
make a guess at 猜测  make a best guess at做出最后的猜测
in order to 为了
4.For managers,every decision has constraints based on policies,procedures,laws,precedents,and the like. 
 对于管理者而言，每次决策都受到政策、程序、法律以及惯例等因素制约。
based on 基于 base…on以…为基础
6.An organizational goal is an end or a state of affairs the organization seeks to reach.
seek to 企图   a state of ffairs事态
7。Because individuals (and organizations) frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals, the best choice may depend on who makes the decision因为个人（和组织）关于如何达到目的常有不同的观点，哪种是最优的选择可能要看是谁做出决策。

8.Frequently, deprarments or units within an organization make decisions that are good for them individually but that are less than optimal for the larger organization.

9.Some of these objectives are more important than others, but the order and degree of importance often vary from person to person and from department to department.
10.When presented with a common case, sales managers tend to see sales problems, production managers see production problems, and so on.